Investigation on the Interaction of Shallow Foundations and Dip-Slip Faulting Using Centrifuge Modeling

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran

Abstract

Fault displacement can affect structures along their outcropping on the ground surface and cause varying levels of damage to buildings. In this regard, the interaction of different types of foundations, including shallow, buried and pile ones, in the interaction with this phenomenon have been studied. In this study, a series of centrifuge tests have been conducted considering the kinematic effect of the foundation in order to investigate the effect of foundation location and type of fault mechanism on the interaction of dip-slip faults and shallow foundations. The dip-slip fault rupture at a dip angle of 75° propagates in a moderately dense sand layer and interplays with the shallow foundation. A summary of conclusions is as follows:
- For the reverse fault, the formation of tension cracks on the ground surface is due to the soil moisture and the apparent cohesion of the wet sand. Also, the fault-zone width is greater in wet sand than dry sand due to the formation of tension cracks. Therefore, these cracks should be considered in specifying the width of the set-back zones.
- For the reverse fault, changing the position of the foundation from the foot wall to the hanging wall increased the rotation and displacement of the foundation, and the interaction mechanism was changed. The behavior of foundation and the development of rupture mechanisms are fully dependent on the location of the foundation relative to the fault rupture and the magnitude of the fault offset.
- The formation of a graben due to normal faulting is one of the results of this study.
- By changing the fault mechanism from reverse to normal, it was found that the foundation and superstructure are damaged at smaller fault-induced dislocation. In a normal fault, the foundation will experience rotation for small amounts of the fault displacement because of the nature of stress in normal faulting and the weakness of the soil in tension.
- The superstructure did not have a significant effect on the interaction mechanisms of the foundation and the fault, but it certainly had an effect on the foundation rotation.

Keywords

References

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Bulletin of Earthquake Science and Engineering
Volume 7, Issue 3 - Serial Number 24
November 2020
Pages 13-28

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History

  • Receive Date: 25 February 2019
  • Accept Date: 22 December 2019

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